Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamphepo

Mphepo ndi gwero lamphamvu latsopano lodalirika, kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 18

Ku England ndi ku France kunaphulitsa mphero zokwana 400, nyumba 800, matchalitchi 100, ndiponso mabwato oposa 400.Anthu masauzande ambiri adavulala ndipo mitengo yayikulu 250000 idazulidwa.Ponena za nkhani yozula mitengo yokha, mphepoyo inatulutsa mphamvu ya mahatchi okwana 10 miliyoni (ie makilowati 7.5 miliyoni; mahatchi amodzi amakwana makilowati 0.75) m’masekondi ochepa chabe!Anthu ena ayerekeza kuti mphamvu zopangira mphamvu zamphepo padziko lapansi ndi pafupifupi ma kilowati 10 biliyoni, pafupifupi kuwirikiza ka 10 mphamvu zopangira magetsi padziko lapansi pano.Pakali pano, mphamvu yomwe imapezeka poyaka malasha padziko lonse chaka chilichonse ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mphamvu zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi mphamvu yamphepo mkati mwa chaka.Chifukwa chake, m'dziko komanso padziko lonse lapansi amawona kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamphepo popanga magetsi ndikupanga magwero atsopano amagetsi.

Kuyesera kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi opangidwa ndi mphepo kunayamba kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900.M’zaka za m’ma 1930, mayiko a Denmark, Sweden, Soviet Union, ndi United States anagwiritsa ntchito luso la makina opangira ma rotor ochokera m’makampani oyendetsa ndege kuti athe kupanga bwino makina ang’onoang’ono opangira magetsi opangidwa ndi mphepo.Mtundu uwu wamagetsi ang'onoang'ono amphepo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'zilumba zamphepo ndi midzi yakutali, ndipo mtengo wake wamagetsi ndi wotsika kwambiri kuposa Mtengo wamagetsi ndi gwero la injini zazing'ono zoyaka mkati.Komabe, mphamvu ya magetsi panthawiyo inali yochepa, makamaka pansi pa 5 kilowatts.

Tapanga 15, 40, 45100225 kilowatts yama turbines amphepo.Mu Januwale 1978, dziko la United States linamanga makina opangira magetsi okwana ma kilowatt 200 ku Clayton, New Mexico, okhala ndi m’mimba mwake wa mamita 38 ndi mphamvu zokwanira zopangira magetsi m’mabanja 60.Kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe cha 1978, chipangizo chopangira mphamvu yamphepo chinayamba kugwira ntchito kugombe lakumadzulo kwa Jutland, Denmark, chinapanga magetsi okwana ma kilowati 2000.Makina amphepowo anali otalika mamita 57.75% ya magetsi opangidwa adatumizidwa ku gridi yamagetsi, ndipo ena onse adaperekedwa kusukulu yapafupi.

M’theka loyamba la 1979, dziko la United States linamanga mphero yaikulu kwambiri padziko lonse yopangira magetsi pamapiri a Blue Ridge ku North Carolina.Mphero yamphepo imeneyi ndi utali wa nsanjika khumi, ndipo m’mimba mwake mwa zitsulo zake ndi mamita 60;Mabalawo amaikidwa pa nyumba yooneka ngati nsanja, kotero kuti mphepo imatha kuzungulira momasuka ndi kulandira magetsi kuchokera kumbali iliyonse;Liwiro la mphepo likakhala pamwamba pa 38km pa ola limodzi, mphamvu yopangira mphamvu imathanso kufika 2000 kilowatts.Chifukwa cha mphepo yamkuntho yothamanga makilomita 29 okha pa ola m’dera lamapiri limeneli, makina amphepowo sangathe kuyenda bwinobwino.Akuti ngakhale atagwira theka la chaka chonse, akhoza kukwaniritsa 1% mpaka 2% ya zosowa zamagetsi za zigawo zisanu ndi ziwiri ku North Carolina.