Wind Power Network News: Ntchito ya "Belt and Road" yalandira mayankho abwino kuchokera kumayiko omwe ali m'njira.Monga dziko lopanga komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zowonjezereka padziko lonse lapansi, China ikuchita nawo kwambiri mgwirizano wapadziko lonse wa mphamvu zamphepo.
Makampani opanga magetsi aku China adachita nawo mpikisano wapadziko lonse lapansi ndi mgwirizano, adalimbikitsa mafakitale opindulitsa kuti apite padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo adazindikira unyolo wonse wamakampani ogulitsa mphamvu zamagetsi kuchokera pazachuma, kugulitsa zida, ntchito ndi kukonza magwiridwe antchito onse, ndipo apeza zotsatira zabwino. .
Koma tiyeneranso kuwona kuti ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ntchito zamphamvu zamphepo zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi makampani aku China, zoopsa zokhudzana ndi mitengo yosinthanitsa, malamulo ndi malamulo, zopindula, ndi ndale zidzatsagananso nawo.Momwe mungaphunzirire bwino, kumvetsetsa, ndikupewa zoopsazi ndikuchepetsa kutayika kosafunikira ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mabizinesi apakhomo apititse patsogolo mpikisano wawo wapadziko lonse lapansi.
Pepalali likuchita kuwunika kwa zoopsa ndi kuyang'anira zoopsa pophunzira pulojekiti ya ku South Africa yomwe Company A imayika ndalama potumiza zida zoyendetsera, ndipo ikupereka malingaliro owongolera zoopsa ndi zowongolera zamakampani opanga mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zikuyenda padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo ikuyesetsa kuchitapo kanthu pazabwino. chitukuko chathanzi komanso chokhazikika chamakampani opanga magetsi aku China padziko lonse lapansi.
1. Zitsanzo ndi zoopsa za ntchito zapadziko lonse lapansi zamagetsi zamagetsi
(1) Kumanga minda yamphepo yapadziko lonse lapansi kumatengera njira ya EPC
Ntchito zamagetsi zamagetsi zapadziko lonse lapansi zimakhala ndi mitundu ingapo, monga momwe "zomangamanga" zimaperekedwa ku kampani imodzi kuti ikwaniritse;Chitsanzo china ndi njira ya "EPC engineering", yomwe imaphatikizapo kupanga mgwirizano wamagulu ambiri, kugula zida, ndi zomangamanga nthawi imodzi;ndi Malinga ndi lingaliro la moyo wonse wa polojekiti, kamangidwe, kamangidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka projekiti zimaperekedwa kwa kontrakitala kuti akwaniritse.
Kuphatikiza mawonekedwe a ntchito zamagetsi zamagetsi, ma projekiti amagetsi apadziko lonse lapansi amatengera mtundu wa EPC general contracting model, ndiko kuti, kontrakitala amapatsa mwiniwake ntchito zonse kuphatikiza mapangidwe, zomangamanga, kugula zida, kukhazikitsa ndi kutumiza, kumaliza, gululi wamalonda. -olumikizidwa kumagetsi, ndikupereka mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yotsimikizira.Munjira iyi, mwiniwake amangoyendetsa ntchitoyo mwachindunji komanso yayikulu, ndipo kontrakitala amakhala ndi udindo waukulu komanso zoopsa.
Ntchito yomanga famu yamphepo ya projekiti ya Company A ku South Africa idatengera mtundu wa EPC general contracting model.
(2) Zowopsa za makontrakitala onse a EPC
Chifukwa mapulojekiti opangidwa ndi mayiko akunja amaphatikizapo zoopsa monga ndale ndi zachuma za dziko lomwe pulojekitiyi ili, ndondomeko, malamulo ndi malamulo okhudzana ndi zogulitsa kunja, zogulitsa kunja, ndalama ndi ntchito, ndi njira zoyendetsera ndalama zakunja, komanso akhoza kukumana ndi malo osadziwika komanso nyengo, ndi zosiyanasiyana matekinoloje.Zofunikira ndi malamulo, komanso ubale ndi madipatimenti aboma ndi zina, kotero kuti zowopsa zimakhala ndi mitundu ingapo, yomwe ingagawidwe makamaka ku zoopsa zandale, kuwopsa kwachuma, kuwopsa kwaukadaulo, kuwopsa kwa bizinesi ndi ubale wapagulu, ndi zoopsa zowongolera. .
1. Kuopsa kwa ndale
Mbiri ya ndale ya dziko losakhazikika komanso dera lomwe msika wochita makontrakitala ulili zitha kubweretsa kutayika kwakukulu kwa kontrakitala.Pulojekiti ya South Africa inalimbikitsa kufufuza ndi kufufuza pa nthawi yopangira zisankho: South Africa ili ndi ubale wabwino ndi mayiko oyandikana nawo, ndipo palibe zoopsa zobisika zobisika za chitetezo chakunja;Malonda apakati pa China ndi South Africa akukula mofulumira, ndipo mapangano okhudzana ndi chitetezo ndi omveka.Komabe, nkhani yachitetezo cha anthu ku South Africa ndivuto lalikulu lazandale lomwe polojekitiyi ikukumana nayo.EPC general kontrakitala amagwiritsa ntchito anthu ambiri pantchito yokonza projekiti, ndipo chitetezo chaumwini ndi katundu wa ogwira ntchito ndi oyang'anira akuwopsezedwa, zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa mozama.
Kuphatikiza apo, ziwopsezo zomwe zingachitike pazandale, mikangano yandale, ndi kusintha kwamaboma zidzakhudza kupitiliza kwa mfundo komanso kutsimikizika kwa mapangano.Mikangano yamitundu ndi zipembedzo idayika zoopsa zobisika ku chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito pamalowo.
2. Mavuto azachuma
Chiwopsezo chachuma makamaka chimatanthawuza mkhalidwe wachuma wa kontrakitala, mphamvu yazachuma ya dziko lomwe pulojekitiyi ili, komanso kuthekera kothana ndi mavuto azachuma, makamaka polipira.Mulinso zinthu zingapo: kukwera kwa mitengo, chiwopsezo cha ndalama zakunja, chitetezo, tsankho lamisonkho, kusalipira bwino kwa eni ake, ndi kuchedwa kwa malipiro.
Mu projekiti ya ku South Africa, mtengo wamagetsi umapezeka mu rand monga ndalama zogulira, ndipo ndalama zogulira zida mu projekitiyo zimakhazikika mu madola aku US.Pali chiwopsezo cha kusinthanitsa.Zowonongeka zomwe zimadza chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa ndalama zosinthira ndalama zimatha kupitilira ndalama zomwe amapeza pantchito.Purojekiti ya Afrika-Dzonga ya dzulule ndzhawu yanharhu ya ku nyikela tiprojekti ta matimba lamantshwa hi tiko ra Afrika-Dzonga hi ku tirhisa mabitelo.Chifukwa cha mpikisano woopsa wamtengo wapatali, ndondomeko yokonzekera ndondomeko yopangira ndalama kuti ipangidwe ndi yaitali, ndipo pali chiopsezo cha kutaya zipangizo ndi ntchito za makina opangira mphepo.
3. Zowopsa zaukadaulo
Kuphatikizirapo momwe chilengedwe, hydrological ndi nyengo, kupezeka kwa zinthu, kupezeka kwa zida, zovuta zamayendedwe, kuwopsa kwa ma gridi, luso laukadaulo, ndi zina zambiri. Chiwopsezo chachikulu chaukadaulo chomwe maprojekiti amagetsi apadziko lonse lapansi amakumana nawo ndi chiwopsezo cha kulumikizana ndi grid.Mphamvu yoikidwa ya mphamvu yamphepo ya ku South Africa yophatikizidwa mu gridi yamagetsi ikukula mofulumira, mphamvu ya makina opangira magetsi pamagetsi ikuwonjezeka, ndipo makampani a grid grid akupitiriza kukonza ndondomeko zolumikizira grid.Kuphatikiza apo, kuti muwonjezere kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu yamphepo, nsanja zazitali ndi masamba aatali ndizomwe zimayendera pamsika.
Kafukufuku ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma turbine amphepo apamwamba kwambiri m'maiko akunja ndi koyambirira, ndipo nsanja zazitali kuyambira 120 metres mpaka 160 metres zakhala zikugwira ntchito zamalonda m'magulu.dziko langa lili pachiwopsezo chaumisiri chokhudzana ndi mndandanda wazinthu zamaukadaulo monga njira yowongolera ma unit, mayendedwe, unsembe, ndi zomangamanga zokhudzana ndi nsanja zazitali.Chifukwa cha kukula kwa masambawo, pali zovuta zowonongeka kapena zowonongeka panthawi yoyendetsa polojekitiyi, ndipo kukonzanso masamba kumapulojekiti akunja kudzabweretsa chiwopsezo cha kutayika kwa magetsi ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ndalama.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-15-2021
